The False Chinese Myth
The "Chinese myth" refers to the simplistic and polarised narratives that dominate the global debate on the Asian giant: either it is a "triumphant capitalism" that betrayed communism, or it is a "pure socialism" that proves the superiority of the Marxist-Leninist model. Both visions are false or, at the very least, incomplete. China does not fit into the binary categories of the 20th century; it is a unique authoritarian-mercantilist hybrid, where economic success stems from pragmatic hyper-capitalism, while the lack of genuine equality arises from a rigid political system of state communism. The real "false myth" is believing that China is either purely capitalist or purely communist: it is both at once, in constant tension. 1. The myth of "purely communist China" This view has been erroneous since Deng Xiaoping’s reforms in 1978. Maoist communism—characterised by total central planning and forced collectivisation—generated stagnation...